Associating Assets with Social Interactions

Overview

By combining elements of social interaction with blockchain technology through the use of smart contracts and linked assets, we bring users a new frontier of social exchange where interactions are programmable, automated, and gain added value from linked assets.

Blockchain technology has shown great potential in recording transaction information and exchanging tokenized assets but is limited in its ability to incorporate social interactions. Core human needs behind social interactions, such as identity formation, a sense of belonging, personal reputation, and trust building, are difficult to capture on a transactional-focused platform.

To solve this issue, we present new protocols that bind social elements with interactive assets. This approach increases the value of tokenized assets and attaches a social aspect to an otherwise unsocial arena. As the majority of social interactions take place off-chain, we have developed Social Element Identifiers (SEIs), a method that builds upon Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) to effectively connect off-chain social activities with on-chain processes.

When users participate in a social interaction that is bound to an interactable asset, they are not only deepening their social connections with the other party but also exchanging and building value. Binding tokenized assets to these social scenarios also gives added significance to the exchange of the assets themselves, opening new possibilities to build a richer and more multi-dimensional digital social ecosystem.

Key Concepts

• Social Elements

  • Social elements bound to assets consist mainly of various user-generated content represented by an SEI. For a specific definition, please refer to the section entitled Social Element.

• The Application where a social organization is hosted.

  • This is the platform where users interact with contracts.

  • The application can deploy smart contracts and is termed the "Source Platform" of the deployed contract.

• A Business Contract "BizContract" (the use of "contracts" and "smart contracts" in this section refers to a BizContract unless otherwise specified) that is generally initiated by the user of an App. The App then deploys a contract that completes that specific logic.

  • The main content of this protocol describes the rules that a BizContract must abide by and the information that must be submitted by both parties when interacting within an application.

• The CertificateValidator, a smart contract that authenticates the Source Platform and is generally deployed by an authenticated third party. The Source Platform can use its own name and public key under its domain name. For more details, please refer to Validation of Agent and Platform Certificates and Signatures.

• The Source Platform, which is the application deploying the smart contract.

• The Witness Platform, which is the platform to which the social element initiating the social interaction belongs. This could be:

  • The Source Platform;

  • Other applications that support this protocol.

Binding Logic

Binding Social Elements

When a user interacts with a smart contract within an application, the related social element information needs to be submitted. The contract can choose among different element-asset binding methods according to the specific situation, including storing the social element information directly on the contract, linking to it through calldata, or through real-time event notifications.

• The following outlines the key information needed in any interaction:

  • The contract's initiating party or user, for example, the account who initiates a vote or a donation drive;

  • The contract participants, for example, the voters or donors;

  • The social element carrying the contract, for example, a post or message;

All social elements are expressed through an SEI. To prevent malicious binding, the application where the social element is located needs to sign the contract during the interaction. The signer can be the platform where the contract is deployed (see "Source Platform" for details) or a clearly specified, licensed platform at the time the contract is deployed. (See "License" for details.)

When an application initiates a BizContract interaction, that application is responsible for signing the social element and authenticating that the interaction comes from itself.

The BizContract receives the interaction request and the SEI with attached signature, which can be submitted to the Certificate Validator. The contract implementer can decide whether or not to perform signature verification based on their own security needs.

Signature Information and Signature Fields:

Field	Type	Description
SEI	string	Social element SEI Example: sei:clover.space:user:12312313
address	string	The address where the SEI initiates a contract
nonce	int64	Random number

• Signature string format: "<SEI>|<address>|<nonce>"

The association of important social elements can be stored directly on the contract itself. Users, voters, or donors can then be linked directly to the contract calldata, which the smart contract can publish to relevant stakeholders when needed.

The following are the additional contract interaction fields that need to be provided by the contract in addition to any asset information:

Field	Type	Description
SEI	string	Social element SEI
nonce	int64	Random number
signature	string	Signed social element Format: "<SEI>|<address>|<nonce>"

Whether the contract needs to undergo signature verification before further action is taken depends on the contract implementer determining if the signature needs to be verified in real-time. If it does not, the contract may instead simply attach the above social interaction information to allow future applications a method of verification.

Disclosure of Important Information

Once social interactions are bound to assets, it is very important for platforms to create measures to protect user security. It is necessary for applications to provide users with information on these interaction-related contracts and disclose the information within. The following information needs to be provided to users in any social interaction:

• Auditable Information

  • Before users of an application may interact with a contract, smart contracts must follow the smart contract audit protocols and disclose such auditable information. This must include:

  • The contract's title and description

  • The contract's auditable information and status

  • For more details, please refer to Audit Standards for Social Smart Contracts
• The Source Platform

  • The source platform is an important factor in ensuring credibility. When a contract is issued on a certain platform, the corresponding platform information must be included:

Field	Type	Description
SEI	string	The social element initiating the interaction
nonce	int64	Random number
signature	string	Signature format: "<sei>|nonce" Example: "sei:clover.space:post:1231425|123145561"

This method of disclosure can be stored directly on the contract or with associated data called when deploying the contract.

• Licenses

  • Licenses play a vital role in the exchange of digital content and software. A license sets clear rules and restrictions on the use, distribution, and authorized reproduction of the licensed content. This protects the rights of the original creator and provides necessary guidelines for use by the end user.

  • When a contract is issued, the license of the issuing platform may be displayed to prevent unauthorized use of the content.

  • Licenses can be stored on-chain

Field	Type	Description
license	String	License name
allow	[]string	List of permissions: If it does not exist, it means the contract is being initiated from the Source Platform If unrestricted, use ["*"] If restricted, allowed platform names can be listed

• Information on User Reports

  • Methods of Reporting: On social platforms with a high level of user interaction, maintaining a safe and friendly environment is crucial. To maintain such an environment, contract publishers need to be proactive in providing an easy-to-use reporting mechanism that enables regular users to report inappropriate content, fraudulent behavior, or other activity that violates community guidelines. This not only protects the rights and interests of users but also lends credibility to the platform.

  • Disclosing Reported Information: Warning users that their content or behavior has been reported is a key factor in maintaining safety and transparency. This practice helps users reflect on their violations and modify behaviors that violate community guidelines, ensuring justice and fairness when it allows for appeals of specific violations.

  • Local Blacklist: The platform should maintain a local blacklist of reported users or publishers.

  • Global Blacklist: Reported information may be shared to a global blacklist, and problematic users or content can be checked against the global blacklist.

  • The disclosure method of reports can be provided by the platform through a contract, which can be updated in real-time. Any modifications should notify all parties.

Field	Type	Description
flagged	boolean	Report Status False: Not reported True: Has been reported
hitLocalBlacklist	boolean	False: Not on list True: On list
hitGlobalBlacklist	boolean	False: Not on list True: On list

Protocol for Universal Tags

Web3 protocols unlock the ability to share assets across platforms, and the binding of social elements with tokenized assets brings about a need for cross-platform social element protocols. Not all implementations of our social digital asset protocols may be used by every application, nor may every possible social element be usable across platforms, so it is valuable to make some social elements, like interest tags, explicitly cross-platform compatible.

Interest tags play a crucial role in social interactions as they serve as a key descriptor of user preferences and personality and facilitate connections and interactions between users. Interest tags provide the platform with the opportunity to recommend content or other users that may be of interest to that user and give individual users the ability to discover content similar to their interests. However, the current tagging systems lack uniformity across different platforms, which hinders users' cross-platform interaction and the efficiency of content discovery.

Implementing a universal cross-platform interest tag protocol solves this problem. This protocol accelerates users' social activity based around these interests and improves the interoperability between platforms, enabling users to discover their interests without being restricted by platform boundaries and thus more quickly find content and communities that match their interests.

This universal tagging protocol also aids the platform or application. By adopting a common tagging system, each platform can organize, aggregate, and recommend content more effectively, promoting communication and interaction between users. This helps improve user satisfaction and engagement and gives the platform more precise advertising, brand positioning, or marketing strategies and opportunities.

Please see Universal Tags for more details.

Social Index Service

To provide users with a complete view of the asset binding protocol, it is important to implement a service that integrates blockchain information and social element information.

The main functions of this service are:

• Monitoring element-asset bound contract events and reading contract information.

• Analyzing a platform's social interaction information and displaying it in a viewable medium.

• Providing retrieval services to users and platforms, allowing the input of a contract address to output the contract's social information.

Social Index Service

Examples of Asset-bindable Social Elements

• User Homepage Donation/Tipping Portal

• User Homepage Membership / Paid Content Portal

• Vote, Survey, Betting, Airdrop, Token Minting, etc. Within Posts

• Competitions with Live Streams

• Leaderboards

• Staked Assets within a Chatroom (Friendship Levels, etc.)

• Chatroom Games

• Chat Message Voting

• Paid Organization Memberships

• Staked Assets in an Organization

• On-chain Social Milestone Markers